Best Substitutes for Vegan Butter
Vegan butter serves the same roles as dairy butter: it adds fat for moisture and texture, provides richness, and helps create structure in baking. Most commercial vegan butters contain 70-80% fat (slightly less than dairy butter's 80%), plus water, plant proteins, and emulsifiers. The base is usually coconut oil, palm oil, or a blend of plant oils. When you substitute for vegan butter, you need to match both the fat content and the water content to get the same results. Pure oils work differently than butter because they lack water and emulsifiers.
Best Overall Substitute
Refined coconut oil at room temperature, used at a 1:1 ratio by weight. It has 82% fat content (closest to vegan butter's 70-80%), stays solid at cool temperatures, and melts cleanly without leaving an oily residue. The refined version has no coconut taste.
All Substitutes
Refined coconut oil
1:1 by weightRefined coconut oil behaves almost exactly like vegan butter when solid. It melts at 76F, creams well with sugar, and provides the same fat content. Use it at room temperature for creaming (soft but not melted). For recipes calling for melted vegan butter, melt the coconut oil and let it cool to room temperature before using. No coconut flavor comes through in baked goods.
Olive oil (light or extra-light)
3/4 cup oil for 1 cup vegan butterLight olive oil has a neutral taste and works in most baking at 3/4 the volume of vegan butter. It has 100% fat content compared to vegan butter's 70-80%, so you need less. The texture changes slightly because oil doesn't trap air like solid fats do. Cakes become more tender, cookies spread more. Add 1-2 tablespoons of non-dairy milk if the batter seems too thick.
Avocado oil
3/4 cup oil for 1 cup vegan butterAvocado oil has a high smoke point (520F) and completely neutral flavor. Like olive oil, use 25% less because it's pure fat. It works especially well in chocolate baked goods and savory applications. The neutral taste makes it versatile, but the liquid texture means cookies will spread and cakes will be denser than with solid vegan butter.
Mashed ripe banana
1/2 cup mashed banana for 1 cup vegan butterRipe bananas add moisture and natural sweetness while reducing fat content. Use bananas with brown spots for the best texture and flavor. They work by adding fiber and natural sugars that help bind ingredients. Reduce other sweeteners in the recipe by 2-4 tablespoons. Baked goods will have a mild banana flavor and slightly denser texture.
Applesauce (unsweetened)
1/2 cup applesauce for 1 cup vegan butterUnsweetened applesauce replaces fat with water and fiber, creating moist but less rich results. It contains about 90% water and 10% fiber and natural sugars. Baked goods will be softer and slightly gummy compared to butter-based versions. Add 1-2 tablespoons of oil if the texture seems too dense. Works best in recipes that are meant to be moist.
Tahini
3/4 cup tahini for 1 cup vegan butterTahini provides rich, nutty flavor and about 60% fat content. It's thicker than vegan butter, so use 25% less volume. The sesame flavor is mild in baked goods but noticeable. It works especially well in chocolate recipes where the nutty taste complements the cocoa. Stir well before using since tahini separates naturally.
Cashew butter
3/4 cup cashew butter for 1 cup vegan butterCashew butter has a neutral flavor and creamy texture that mimics butter better than most nut butters. It contains about 50% fat plus protein and natural sugars. Use 25% less volume and add 1-2 tablespoons of non-dairy milk if the mixture seems thick. The natural sweetness means you can reduce sugar by 1-2 tablespoons in dessert recipes.
Vegetable shortening (vegan)
1:1 by weightVegan shortening is 100% fat and stays solid at room temperature, making it the closest substitute for vegan butter's texture properties. It has no flavor, so add a pinch of salt and 1/2 teaspoon vanilla extract per cup to mimic butter's taste. It creams well and produces flaky pastries. Check the label to ensure it's palm-free if that matters to you.
Vegan cream cheese
1:1 by weightVegan cream cheese works in sweet applications where you want tangy richness. It has similar fat content to vegan butter (about 70%) but adds protein and a slight tang. It doesn't cream as well as butter, so it works better in melt-and-mix recipes or when you want a denser texture. Most brands are made from nuts or coconut.
How to Adjust Your Recipe
When substituting for vegan butter, check if the recipe uses a creaming method (beating butter and sugar together). Solid substitutes like coconut oil work directly. Liquid substitutes need adjustments: reduce by 25% and add 1-2 tablespoons of non-dairy milk to compensate for lost water content.
For baking, reduce oven temperature by 25F when using liquid oils because they conduct heat faster than solid fats. Increase baking time by 2-5 minutes if using fruit purees since they add extra moisture that needs to evaporate.
In frosting, only solid fats work well. Coconut oil, vegan shortening, or another vegan butter are your only good options. Liquid oils create runny frosting that won't hold peaks.
When Not to Substitute
Puff pastry and croissants need the specific water content and melting properties of butter or vegan butter. The layers depend on steam from water content, and oils don't provide this. Buttercream frosting requires a solid fat that can trap air when whipped.
Caramel and candy making also need the specific properties of butter. The milk solids (or their vegan equivalents) in vegan butter help with browning and flavor development that pure oils can't replicate.
Frequently Asked Questions
Can I use coconut oil instead of vegan butter in all recipes?
Yes, at a 1:1 ratio by weight in most cases. Refined coconut oil works best because it has no coconut flavor. In warm kitchens above 76F, coconut oil stays liquid, so cookies will spread more and frosting won't hold. Chill the oil to butter consistency for creaming recipes. Virgin coconut oil adds coconut flavor that works in some desserts but not others.
How much regular oil should I use to replace 1 stick of vegan butter?
Use 6 tablespoons (90ml) of neutral oil for 1 stick (112g) of vegan butter. Vegan butter is about 75% fat and 25% water, while oil is 100% fat. Using the full amount makes baked goods greasy. Add 1-2 tablespoons of non-dairy milk to replace the lost moisture. Light olive oil, avocado oil, or melted refined coconut oil work best.
What's the best vegan butter substitute for cookies?
Refined coconut oil at room temperature gives the closest results. Use it at 1:1 ratio by weight and cream it with sugar just like vegan butter. The cookies hold their shape well and have good texture. Vegan shortening also works at 1:1 ratio but lacks flavor, so add 1/4 teaspoon vanilla and a pinch of salt per 1/2 cup. Avoid liquid oils because cookies will spread too much.
Can I substitute vegan butter with avocado in baking?
Yes, use 1/2 cup mashed ripe avocado for 1 cup vegan butter. The avocado adds moisture and healthy fats but creates denser, more tender baked goods. It works best in chocolate recipes where the green color is hidden. Reduce other fats in the recipe and expect a slightly different texture. The avocado flavor is mild in most baked goods but noticeable in delicate vanilla cakes.
How do I make vegan buttercream without vegan butter?
Use refined coconut oil chilled to butter consistency. Whip 1 cup coconut oil with 3-4 cups powdered sugar, 3-4 tablespoons non-dairy milk, and 1 teaspoon vanilla. The coconut oil must be solid but not hard (around 70-72F). Vegan shortening also works at the same ratio. Liquid oils won't hold peaks or create proper buttercream texture.